%PDF-1.4 % 1 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 1 /Kids [ 2 0 R ] >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 1 0 R /Resources << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /Font << /QuickPDFF6e268c50 80 0 R /QuickPDFF93f4eee5 126 0 R >> >> /Contents [ 5 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 595.2756 841.8898 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595.2756 841.8898 ] >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1 0 R /Metadata 127 0 R >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Producer (Debenu Quick PDF Library 11.15 \(www.debenu.com\)) /Creator (Debenu Quick PDF Library 11.15 \(www.debenu.com\)) /CreationDate (D:20210628125532+02'00') /ModDate (D:20210628125532+02'00') >> endobj 5 0 obj << /Length 3797 /LC /iSQP >> stream 0 Tr /QuickPDFF93f4eee5 14 Tf 0 0 0 rg 100 Tz 0 Tw 0 Tc 0 Ts BT 1 0 0 1 57.3208 770.8329 Tm (Forest Cover Change Analysis on a Protected Area in Southern Myanmar using)Tj 1 0 0 1 76.1578 752.1709 Tm (Remote Sensing and GIS Technique: Applications to Forest Conservation)Tj ET /QuickPDFF93f4eee5 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 85.5743 717.2179 Tm (Thant Zin Maw \(Myanmar\), Mamorou Kanzaki \(Japan\) and Chit Hlaing Win \(Myanmar\))Tj ET /QuickPDFF93f4eee5 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 675.188 Tm 14.663 TL (Key words: )' ET /QuickPDFF6e268c50 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 141.7323 675.188 Tm 14.454 TL (Capacity building; Land management; Security of tenure; Spatial planning; Integrated)' (land and water management)' ET /QuickPDFF93f4eee5 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 632.6683 Tm 14.663 TL (SUMMARY)' ET /QuickPDFF6e268c50 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 604.3219 Tm 14.454 TL (As the human population increases in Southern Myanmar, forest area is gradually shrinking and being)' (transformed into other land cover types. This study investigated the forest cover dynamics in the protected)' (area \(PA\), named as Tanintharyii Nature Reserve \(TNR\). It has 5 critically endangered species and 5)' (endangered species, dominated by tropical rainforests. TNR was declared as a PA in 2005 under the)' (management of the Myanmar Forest Department \(FD\), by the financial support of three International Gas)' (Pipeline Companies as compensation for the pipelines passing through the reserve forest. Firstly, land)' (use/land cover \(LULC\) maps of the study area for the years 1990, 2006, and 2017 were prepared using)' (Landsat data, with eight classes by supervised maximum likelihood classification. The management)' (effectiveness of the PA and a 10-km buffer zone that was created in it were also examined. To acquire the)' (higher accuracy, Google Earth Pro and field validation was conducted during November and December)' (2017. The results observed that dense forest decreased from 80% in 1990 to 50% in 2017 due to the)' (population increase, settlement encroachment, agricultural land expansion like massive rubber and oil palm)' (plantation, and fruits orchard. Forest degradation increased from 0.41% yr-1 before PA\(1990-2006\) to)' (0.72% yr-1 after PA\(2006-2017\), and the deforestation rate increased from 0.12% yr-1 before)' (protection\(1990-2006\) to 0.52% yr-1 after protection \(2006-2017\) as a result of illegal extraction of natural)' (resources by the local community. When we study within TNR, the average annual forest degradation rate)' (was seriously higher than deforestation. The overall accuracy of the TNR LULC 1990, 2006, and 2017 maps)' (presented 82.6%, 85.2%, and 88.2% and Kappa accuracy in the 2017 LULC map was the highest, 84.3%.)' (This study clearly discovered that forest conservation as a protected area can minimize the rate of)' (deforestation than forest degradation rate. The future management of the TNR should emphasize efficient)' (land use planning, raising the local awareness, initiation the eco-development long-term projects, the)' (establishing of village-owned tree plantations, law enforcement, and designation as an eco-tourism site.)' ET /QuickPDFF6e268c50 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 163.8497 Tm 13.14 TL (__________________________________________________________________________________________)' ()' (Forest Cover Change Analysis on a Protected Area in Southern Myanmar using Remote Sensing and GIS Technique:)' (Applications to Forest Conservation \(10871\))' (Thant Zin Maw \(Myanmar\), Mamorou Kanzaki \(Japan\) and Chit Hlaing Win \(Myanmar\))' ()' (FIG e-Working Week 2021)' (Smart Surveyors for Land and Water Management - Challenges in a New Reality)' (Virtually in the Netherlands, 2125 June 2021)' ET endstream endobj 6 0 obj << /Length 316 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream xMRKnCAۿSpk`y^Uu[jIɒT%C/:b}Rx\%=
c%d:WMQ&1֎PP/3k v'[-A:;NcC瑊Sd3G.#Oss
endstream
endobj
7 0 obj
<<
/Length 541
/Filter /FlateDecode
>>
stream
x-SK%!)@<117NիJ-`Ȓ)Y&?]k_cZgk]%}$W|?GkM7cb}cޅil:lo:]u*.Sb@>
stream
x325P0P040 b 4
endstream
endobj
9 0 obj
<<
/Length 299
/Filter /FlateDecode
>>
stream
xUR9n1
}`"H
elHQc$B"k8A/]vE{7}-dۣԜ\`ڼ7eL깴)M!do\zV@V]I`j0n'Ks`AQ4x'3T@aC}tҬx-y6CyS8ͪJ:VpmuHVKx'vR,&lxԹhG*9sᳱbwԘFA"dnI+
DiSU;?s}`n
endstream
endobj
10 0 obj
<<
/Length 576
/Filter /FlateDecode
>>
stream
x=TK!)|y&*o#/YLc˒ZK~yR:nFѣ39j[rfnp=!GWIf|UGKI+>?O֕~(^HV8zY'ra5rq۶nIOEY@f#t4}2h\7 bSMp'(p̤M2yuY[(Gd#XhS8@K8VqhāB)n4|kDkD /]I.ƥUB1 7WtF siX7JrK7!DR:l(3F[IXYAL]K(V8a@@D27>I9C
!H\vn6\Ƽ6U܈iPY\0 nZfh ~(5:1(10Qo*R
i!Џg -Q
Jci'S
㫆71YͻKzV9/5W|?/@S
endstream
endobj
11 0 obj
<<
/Length 378
/Filter /FlateDecode
>>
stream
x5RIn1+@=E9$(n@j!"doK %
v/b0=G`_Ak@^NiCNTj&z=gZ;G